PATHOGNOMONIC SIGNS

HYPOCALCEMIA .. Chvostek & Trosseaus sign
ULCERATIVE COLITIS .. Recurrent bloody diarrhea
LYME’S DSE .. Bull’s eye rash

GLAUCOMA .. Painfull vision loss, tunnel/gun barrel/halo vision (Peripheral Vision Loss)
CATARACT .. Painless vision loss, Opacity of the lens, blurring of vision
RETINO BLASTOMA .. Cat’s eye reflex (grayish discoloration of pupils) 

ACROMEGALY .. Coarse facial feature 
DUCHENNE’S MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY ..Gowers’ sign
GERD .. Barretts esophagus (erosion of the lower portion of the esophageal mucosa) HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY .. Flapping hand tremors
HYDROCEPHALUS .. Bossing sign (prominent forehead)
INCREASE ICP .. Cushing’s Triad (HYPERBRADY) HYPERtension BRADYpnea BRADYcardia
SHOCK ..(HYPOTACHYTACHY) HYPOtension TACHYpnea TACHYcardia
MENIERE’S DiSEASE .. Vertigo, Tinnitus MYASTHENIA GRAVIS ..Descending muscle weakness
GUILLAIN BARRE SYNDROME ..Ascending muscle weakness
DVT .. Homan’s Sign
CHICKEN POX ..Vesicular Rash
ANGINA .. Crushing stubbing pain relieved by NTG
CROUP ..Inspiratory stridor
EPIGLOTITIS .. 3Ds’ Drooling, Dysphonia, Dysphagia
HODGEKIN’S DISEA SE/LYMPHOMA .. Reedstenberg Cells
INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS ..Hallmark: sore throat, cervical lymph adenopathy, fever
PARKINSON’S DISEASE .. Pill-rolling tremors
FIBRIN HYALIN ..Expiratory Grunt
CYSTIC FIBROSIS .. Salty skin
DIABETES MELLITUS .. Polyuria, polydypsia, polyphagia
DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS (DKA) .. Kussmauls breathing
BLADDER CANCER .. Painless hematuria BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA .. Reduced size & force of urine
RETINAL DETACHMENT .. Visual Floaters, flashes of light, curtain veil like vision TUBERCULOSIS .. Low-grade afternoon fever
PNEUMONIA .. Rusty sputum
ASTHMA .. Wheezing on expiration EMPHYSEMA .. Barrel chest
KAWASAKI SYNDROME .. Strawberry tongue
PERNICIOUS ANEMIA .. Red beefy tongue 

DOWN SYNDROME .. Protruding tongue 
CHOLERA .. Rice watery stool
MALARIA .. Stepladder like fever with chills 

TYPHOID .. Rose spots in abdomen 
DIPTHERIA .. Pseudomembrane
MEASLES .. Koplik’s spots
SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS ..Butterfly rashes
LIVER CIRRHOSIS .. Spider like varices 

LEPROSY .. Lioning face
BULIMIA NERVOSA Chipmunk face 

APPENDICITIS .. Rebound tenderness 
DENGUE .. Petechiae or (+) Herman’s sign 
MENINGITIS .. Kernig’s sign (leg flex then leg pain on extension), Brudzinski sign (neck flex = lower leg flex
TETANY .. Hypocalcemia (+)
Trousseau’s sign/carpopedal spasm; Chvostek sign (facial spasm) 

TETANUS .. Risus sardonicus
PANCREATITIS .. Cullen’s sign (ecchymosis of umbilicus); (+) Grey turners spots 

PYLORIC STENOSIS .. Olive like mass PATENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS .. Machine like murmur
ADDISON’S DISEASE .. Bronze like skin pigmentation
CUSHING’S SYNDROME .. Moon face appearance and buffalo hump HYPERTHYROIDISM/GRAVE’S DISEASE .. Exopthalmus
INTUSSUSCEPTION .. Sausage shaped mass, Dance Sign
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS ..Charcot’s Triad (IAN)

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